1. What is Voltage Drop Calculation?

Voltage drop calculation determines the reduction in voltage in an electrical circuit between the source and load. It's crucial for ensuring proper operation of electrical equipment and compliance with electrical codes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the voltage drop formula:

Where:

• \( VD \) — Voltage drop (Volts)
• \( I \) — Current (Amperes)
• \( R \) — Resistance per unit length (Ohms per kilometer)
• \( L \) — Cable length (Kilometers)

Explanation: The factor of 2 accounts for the round trip path in single-phase AC or DC circuits. The division by 1000 converts the result to appropriate units.

3. Importance of Voltage Drop Calculation

Details: Proper voltage drop calculation ensures electrical equipment receives adequate voltage, prevents performance issues, reduces energy losses, and complies with electrical safety standards.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter current in amperes, cable resistance in ohms per kilometer, and cable length in kilometers. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is an acceptable voltage drop?
A: Typically 3-5% of the supply voltage for branch circuits and 1-2% for feeder circuits, but always check local electrical codes.

Q2: Why is the factor of 2 used?
A: The factor of 2 accounts for the round trip path - current flows from source to load and back through the return conductor.

Q3: How do I find cable resistance values?
A: Cable resistance values are typically provided in manufacturer datasheets or electrical reference tables based on cable material and cross-sectional area.

Q4: Does this formula work for three-phase systems?
A: For balanced three-phase systems, use \( VD = \sqrt{3} \times I \times R \times L / 1000 \) instead of the factor of 2.

Q5: What affects cable resistance?
A: Cable resistance depends on material (copper/aluminum), cross-sectional area, temperature, and cable construction.